{"id":1534,"date":"2020-04-13T22:35:00","date_gmt":"2020-04-13T14:35:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yumefx.com\/?p=1534"},"modified":"2021-03-03T11:27:08","modified_gmt":"2021-03-03T03:27:08","slug":"docker%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e4%b9%8b%e9%95%9c%e5%83%8f%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yumefx.com\/?p=1534","title":{"rendered":"Docker\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u955c\u50cf\u662f\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u6267\u884c docker run \u7684\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u4f1a\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u4e4b\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e Docker Hub \u7684\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u955c\u50cf\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e9b\u955c\u50cf\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u5236\u8fd9\u4e9b\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c31\u5c06\u8bb2\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u5236\u955c\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u955c\u50cf\u662f\u591a\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u662f\u5728\u524d\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u4fee\u6539\uff1b\u800c\u5bb9\u5668\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u662f\u591a\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u4ee5\u955c\u50cf\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u5c42\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u52a0\u4e00\u5c42\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e0b\u5236\u4f5c\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/h1>\n

Dockerfile<\/h1>\n

Dockerfile\u662f\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u5b9a\u5236\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5b9a\u5236\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u6240\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u4fee\u6539\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u90fd\u5199\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u3001\u5b9a\u5236\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u91cd\u590d\u6784\u5efa\u3001\u900f\u660e\u6784\u5efa\u3001\u4f53\u79ef\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u90fd\u4f1a\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u5c31\u662f Dockerfile\u3002<\/p>\n

Dockerfile \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u6761\u7684 \u6307\u4ee4(Instruction)\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u5c42\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u8be5\u5c42\u5e94\u5f53\u5982\u4f55\u6784\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u5b9a\u5236 nginx \u955c\u50cf\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u767d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u547d\u540d\u4e3a Dockerfile\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

FROM nginx<\/span>\nRUN echo '<h1>Hello, Docker!<\/h1>' > \/usr\/share\/nginx\/html\/index.html<\/span>\nCOPY .\/package.json \/app\/<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
 <\/h3>\n
FROM \u6307\u5b9a\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf<\/h3>\n
\u6240\u8c13\u5b9a\u5236\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u5236\uff0c\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u800c FROM \u5c31\u662f\u6307\u5b9a \u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e00\u4e2a Dockerfile \u4e2d FROM \u662f\u5fc5\u5907\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728 Docker Hub \u4e0a\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u7684\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u62ff\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u5982 nginx\u3001redis\u3001mongo\u3001mysql\u3001httpd\u3001php\u3001tomcat \u7b49\uff1b\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u4fbf\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u5982 node\u3001openjdk\u3001python\u3001ruby\u3001golang \u7b49\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u7b26\u5408\u6211\u4eec\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u955c\u50cf\u4e2d\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u66f4\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u5982 ubuntu\u3001debian\u3001centos\u3001fedora\u3001alpine \u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5e93\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u9009\u62e9\u73b0\u6709\u955c\u50cf\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u5916\uff0cDocker \u8fd8\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u540d\u4e3a scratch\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u662f\u865a\u62df\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u767d\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4ee5 scratch \u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f60\u4e0d\u4ee5\u4efb\u4f55\u955c\u50cf\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6240\u5199\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u4f5c\u4e3a\u955c\u50cf\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u5f00\u59cb\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0d\u4ee5\u4efb\u4f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u8fdb\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u7f55\u89c1\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 swarm\u3001etcd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e Linux \u4e0b\u9759\u6001\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u5e93\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u76f4\u63a5 FROM scratch \u4f1a\u8ba9\u955c\u50cf\u4f53\u79ef\u66f4\u52a0\u5c0f\u5de7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 Go \u8bed\u8a00 \u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5f88\u591a\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5236\u4f5c\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6709\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a Go \u662f\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u5bb9\u5668\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n
 <\/h3>\n
RUN \u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n
RUN \u6307\u4ee4\u662f\u7528\u6765\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u3002\u5176\u683c\u5f0f\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \n
  • shell \u683c\u5f0f\uff1aRUN <\u547d\u4ee4>\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u521a\u624d\u5199\u7684 Dockerfile \u4e2d\u7684 RUN \u6307\u4ee4\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n
  • exec \u683c\u5f0f\uff1aRUN [“\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6”, “\u53c2\u65701”, “\u53c2\u65702”]\uff0c\u8fd9\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u65e2\u7136 RUN \u5c31\u50cf Shell \u811a\u672c\u4e00\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf Shell \u811a\u672c\u4e00\u6837\u628a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a RUN \u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    FROM debian:stretch<\/span>\n<\/span>\nRUN apt-get update<\/span>\nRUN apt-get install -y gcc libc6-dev make wget<\/span>\nRUN wget -O redis.tar.gz \"http:\/\/download.redis.io\/releases\/redis-5.0.3.tar.gz\"<\/span>\nRUN mkdir -p \/usr\/src\/redis<\/span>\nRUN tar -xzf redis.tar.gz -C \/usr\/src\/redis --strip-components=1<\/span>\nRUN make -C \/usr\/src\/redis<\/span>\nRUN make -C \/usr\/src\/redis install<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u4e4b\u524d\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0cDockerfile \u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u90fd\u4f1a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5c42\uff0cRUN \u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a RUN \u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5c31\u548c\u521a\u624d\u6211\u4eec\u624b\u5de5\u5efa\u7acb\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e00\u6837\uff1a\u65b0\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5c42\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0ccommit \u8fd9\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u800c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e86 7 \u5c42\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f88\u591a\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u90fd\u88ab\u88c5\u8fdb\u4e86\u955c\u50cf\u91cc\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7f16\u8bd1\u73af\u5883\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u4ea7\u751f\u975e\u5e38\u81c3\u80bf\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u5c42\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u6784\u5efa\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u3002 \u8fd9\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u521d\u5b66 Docker \u7684\u4eba\u5e38\u72af\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4e0a\u9762\u7684 Dockerfile \u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    FROM debian:stretch<\/span>\n<\/span>\nRUN buildDeps='gcc libc6-dev make wget' \\<\/span>\n    && apt-get update \\<\/span>\n    && apt-get install -y $buildDeps \\<\/span>\n    && wget -O redis.tar.gz \"http:\/\/download.redis.io\/releases\/redis-5.0.3.tar.gz\" \\<\/span>\n    && mkdir -p \/usr\/src\/redis \\<\/span>\n    && tar -xzf redis.tar.gz -C \/usr\/src\/redis --strip-components=1 \\<\/span>\n    && make -C \/usr\/src\/redis \\<\/span>\n    && make -C \/usr\/src\/redis install \\<\/span>\n    && rm -rf \/var\/lib\/apt\/lists\/* \\<\/span>\n    && rm redis.tar.gz \\<\/span>\n    && rm -r \/usr\/src\/redis \\<\/span>\n    && apt-get purge -y --auto-remove $buildDeps<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5 redis \u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u5f88\u591a\u4e2a RUN \u5bf9\u4e00\u4e00\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a RUN \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528 && \u5c06\u5404\u4e2a\u6240\u9700\u547d\u4ee4\u4e32\u8054\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u5c06\u4e4b\u524d\u7684 7 \u5c42\uff0c\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u4e86 1 \u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u64b0\u5199 Dockerfile \u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8981\u7ecf\u5e38\u63d0\u9192\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u5199 Shell \u811a\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u6784\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3a\u4e86\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8fd8\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6362\u884c\u3002Dockerfile \u652f\u6301 Shell \u7c7b\u7684\u884c\u5c3e\u6dfb\u52a0 \\ \u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6362\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u884c\u9996 # \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ec4\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6700\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u6e05\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u4e86\u4e3a\u4e86\u7f16\u8bd1\u6784\u5efa\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u6e05\u7406\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3001\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd8\u6e05\u7406\u4e86 apt \u7f13\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u8fd9\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0c\u955c\u50cf\u662f\u591a\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c42\u88ab\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u8ddf\u968f\u7740\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u53ea\u6dfb\u52a0\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u6e05\u7406\u6389\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u521d\u5b66 Docker \u5236\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u5f88\u81c3\u80bf\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6e05\u7406\u6389\u65e0\u5173\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
     <\/h3>\n
    COPY \u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n
    \u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n
      \n
    • COPY [–chown=<user>:<group>] <\u6e90\u8def\u5f84>… <\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84><\/li>\n
    • COPY [–chown=<user>:<group>] [“<\u6e90\u8def\u5f841>”,… “<\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84>”]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      <\u6e90\u8def\u5f84> \u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u591a\u4e2a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u901a\u914d\u7b26\uff0c\u5176\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u89c4\u5219\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3 Go \u7684 filepath.Match \u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      COPY hom* \/mydir\/<\/span>\nCOPY hom?.txt \/mydir\/<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      <\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84> \u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff08\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 WORKDIR \u6307\u4ee4\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\uff09\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e8b\u5148\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4f1a\u5728\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u524d\u5148\u884c\u521b\u5efa\u7f3a\u5931\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 COPY \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5143\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u4fdd\u7559\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u3001\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u53d8\u66f4\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u5bf9\u4e8e\u955c\u50cf\u5b9a\u5236\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 Git \u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u4e0a –chown=<user>:<group> \u9009\u9879\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\u53ca\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      COPY --chown=55:mygroup files* \/mydir\/<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
       <\/h3>\n
      \u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf<\/h3>\n
      \u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u56de\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u5b9a\u5236\u7684 nginx \u955c\u50cf\u7684 Dockerfile \u6765\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u660e\u767d\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a Dockerfile \u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u5728 Dockerfile \u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      docker build -t nginx:v3 .<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      -t\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u6307\u5b9a\u955c\u50cf\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u7684 . \u662f\u6307\u5b9a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u8fd0\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u5373\u53ef\u751f\u6210\u955c\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n
       <\/h3>\n
      \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8def\u5f84<\/h3>\n
      \u9996\u5148\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u7406\u89e3 docker build \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3002Docker \u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5206\u4e3a Docker \u5f15\u64ce\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff09\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5de5\u5177\u3002Docker \u7684\u5f15\u64ce\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4 REST API\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a Docker Remote API\uff0c\u800c\u5982 docker \u547d\u4ee4\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u7ec4 API \u4e0e Docker \u5f15\u64ce\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b8c\u6210\u5404\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u597d\u50cf\u662f\u5728\u672c\u673a\u6267\u884c\u5404\u79cd docker \u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528\u5f62\u5f0f\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\uff08Docker \u5f15\u64ce\uff09\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u4e5f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd C\/S \u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 Docker \u5f15\u64ce\u53d8\u5f97\u8f7b\u800c\u6613\u4e3e\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528COPY \u6307\u4ee4\u3001ADD \u6307\u4ee4\u7b49\u5411\u955c\u50cf\u5185\u6dfb\u52a0\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u800c docker build \u547d\u4ee4\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5e76\u975e\u5728\u672c\u5730\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f Docker \u5f15\u64ce\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\/\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u624d\u80fd\u8ba9\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u83b7\u5f97\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n
      \u5f53\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u6307\u5b9a\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0cdocker build \u547d\u4ee4\u5f97\u77e5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u5c06\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u6253\u5305\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e0a\u4f20\u7ed9 Docker \u5f15\u64ce<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u6837 Docker \u5f15\u64ce\u6536\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5305\u540e\uff0c\u5c55\u5f00\u5c31\u4f1a\u83b7\u5f97\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u56e0\u6b64\u524d\u9762Dockerfile\u4e2d\u7684COPY package.json \/usr\/src\/app\/\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u590d\u5236\u6267\u884c docker build \u547d\u4ee4\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684 package.json\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u590d\u5236 Dockerfile \u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684 package.json\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u590d\u5236 \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff08context\uff09 \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684 package.json\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u56e0\u6b64\uff0cCOPY \u8fd9\u7c7b\u6307\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7684\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u90a3\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u590d\u5236\u5230\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u73b0\u5728\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u521a\u624d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4 docker build -t nginx:v3 . \u4e2d\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a .\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0cdocker build \u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5c06\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6253\u5305\u4ea4\u7ed9 Docker \u5f15\u64ce\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u5c06 Dockerfile \u7f6e\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u9879\u76ee\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6ca1\u6709\u6240\u9700\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5e94\u8be5\u628a\u6240\u9700\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u4e00\u4efd\u8fc7\u6765\u3002\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6709\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u4f20\u7ed9 Docker \u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 .gitignore \u4e00\u6837\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a .dockerignore\uff0c\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u5254\u9664\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9 Docker \u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
      Dockerfile \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5e76\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a Dockerfile\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5e76\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u5fc5\u987b\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 -f ..\/Dockerfile.php \u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4f5c\u4e3a Dockerfile\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5927\u5bb6\u4e60\u60ef\u6027\u7684\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d Dockerfile\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u7f6e\u4e8e\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
       <\/h3>\n
      \u5176\u5b83 docker build \u7684\u7528\u6cd5<\/h3>\n
      \u7531\u4e8e\u7bc7\u5e45\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u7528\u6cd5\u4e0d\u518d\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      #\u4ece URL \u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece Git repo \u4e2d\u6784\u5efa<\/span>\ndocker build https:\/\/github.com\/twang2218\/gitlab-ce-zh.git#:11.1<\/span>\n<\/span>\n#\u7528\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684 tar \u538b\u7f29\u5305\u6784\u5efa<\/span>\ndocker build http:\/\/server\/context.tar.gz<\/span>\n<\/span>\n#\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6 Dockerfile \u8fdb\u884c\u6784\u5efa<\/span>\ndocker build - < Dockerfile<\/span>\n#\u6216\u8005<\/span>\ncat Dockerfile | docker build -<\/span>\n<\/span>\n#\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u538b\u7f29\u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u6784\u5efa<\/span>\ndocker build - < context.tar.gz<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
       <\/h1>\n
      \u5176\u4ed6\u5e38\u7528Dockerfile\u547d\u4ee4<\/h1>\n
      ADD \u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
      ADD \u6307\u4ee4\u548c COPY \u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u6027\u8d28\u57fa\u672c\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728 COPY \u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u6bd4\u5982 <\u6e90\u8def\u5f84> \u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a URL\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cDocker \u5f15\u64ce\u4f1a\u8bd5\u56fe\u53bb\u4e0b\u8f7d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u5230 <\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84> \u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u4e0b\u8f7d\u540e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 600\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u589e\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4e00\u5c42 RUN \u8fdb\u884c\u6743\u9650\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u662f\u4e2a\u538b\u7f29\u5305\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4e00\u5c42 RUN \u6307\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5982\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 RUN \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 wget \u6216\u8005 curl \u5de5\u5177\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u6743\u9650\u3001\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u3001\u7136\u540e\u6e05\u7406\u65e0\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u66f4\u5408\u7406\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5176\u5b9e\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b9e\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u5982\u679c <\u6e90\u8def\u5f84> \u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a tar \u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u538b\u7f29\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a gzip, bzip2 \u4ee5\u53ca xz \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cADD \u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u8fd9\u4e2a\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u5230 <\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84> \u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u53e6\u5916\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cADD \u6307\u4ee4\u4f1a\u4ee4\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u7f13\u5b58\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ee4\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u53d8\u5f97\u6bd4\u8f83\u7f13\u6162\u3002<\/p>\n
       <\/h3>\n
      CMD \u5bb9\u5668\u542f\u52a8\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n
      \u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n
        \n
      • shell \u683c\u5f0f\uff1aCMD <\u547d\u4ee4><\/li>\n
      • exec \u683c\u5f0f\uff1aCMD [“\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6”, “\u53c2\u65701”, “\u53c2\u65702″…]<\/li>\n
      • \u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u683c\u5f0f\uff1aCMD [“\u53c2\u65701”, “\u53c2\u65702″…]\u3002\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86 ENTRYPOINT \u6307\u4ee4\u540e\uff0c\u7528 CMD \u6307\u5b9a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        CMD \u6307\u4ee4\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u65b0\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u66ff\u4ee3\u955c\u50cf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e2d\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff0cubuntu \u955c\u50cf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 CMD \u662f \/bin\/bash\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5 docker run -it ubuntu \u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u5165 bash\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u522b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5982 docker run -it ubuntu cat \/etc\/os-release\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u7528 cat \/etc\/os-release \u547d\u4ee4\u66ff\u6362\u4e86\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 \/bin\/bash \u547d\u4ee4\u4e86\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u5728\u6307\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528 exec \u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528 shell \u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u88ab\u5305\u88c5\u4e3a sh -c \u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4f1a\u88ab shell \u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u63d0\u5230 CMD \u5c31\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u63d0\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u524d\u53f0\u6267\u884c\u548c\u540e\u53f0\u6267\u884c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
        Docker<\/strong> \u4e0d\u662f\u865a\u62df<\/strong>\u673a\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u4ee5\u524d\u53f0\u6267\u884c<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u50cf\u865a\u62df\u673a\u3001\u7269\u7406\u673a\u91cc\u9762\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u7528 systemd \u53bb\u542f\u52a8\u540e\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u6ca1\u6709\u540e\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u4e00\u4e9b\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u5c06 CMD \u5199\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        CMD service nginx start<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u7136\u540e\u53d1\u73b0\u5bb9\u5668\u6267\u884c\u540e\u5c31\u7acb\u5373\u9000\u51fa\u4e86\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u53bb\u4f7f\u7528 systemctl \u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u679c\u5374\u53d1\u73b0\u6839\u672c\u6267\u884c\u4e0d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bb9\u5668\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5176\u542f\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u662f\u5bb9\u5668\u5e94\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u5c31\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u8f85\u52a9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u662f\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u800c\u4f7f\u7528 service nginx start \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u5e0c\u671b upstart \u6765\u4ee5\u540e\u53f0\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f62\u5f0f\u542f\u52a8 nginx \u670d\u52a1\u3002\u800c\u521a\u624d\u8bf4\u4e86 CMD service nginx start \u4f1a\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a CMD [ “sh”, “-c”, “service nginx start”]\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f sh\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u90a3\u4e48\u5f53 service nginx start \u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0csh \u4e5f\u5c31\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\uff0csh \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u4e86\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ee4\u5bb9\u5668\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u6b63\u786e\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c nginx \u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8981\u6c42\u4ee5\u524d\u53f0\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        CMD [\"nginx\", \"-g\", \"daemon off;\"]<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
         <\/h3>\n
        ENTRYPOINT \u5165\u53e3\u70b9<\/h3>\n
        ENTRYPOINT \u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u548c RUN \u6307\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a exec \u683c\u5f0f\u548c shell \u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
        ENTRYPOINT \u7684\u76ee\u7684\u548c CMD \u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u5bb9\u5668\u542f\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ca\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
        ENTRYPOINT \u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u4ee3\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 docker run \u7684\u53c2\u6570 –entrypoint \u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u5f53\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86 ENTRYPOINT \u540e\uff0cCMD \u7684\u542b\u4e49\u5c31\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u5176\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c06 CMD \u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u7ed9 ENTRYPOINT \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\u5b9e\u9645\u6267\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u53d8\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n
          \n
        • <ENTRYPOINT> “<CMD>”<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
           <\/h3>\n
          ENV \u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/h3>\n
          \u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n
            \n
          • ENV <key> <value><\/li>\n
          • ENV <key1>=<value1> <key2>=<value2>…<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5982 RUN\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u91cc\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            ENV VERSION=1.0 DEBUG=on \\<\/span>\nNAME=\"Happy Feet\"<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
             <\/h3>\n
            ARG \u6784\u5efa\u53c2\u6570<\/h3>\n
            \u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n
              \n
            • ARG <\u53c2\u6570\u540d>[=<\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c>]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              \u6784\u5efa\u53c2\u6570\u548c ENV \u7684\u6548\u679c\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0cARG \u6240\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u73af\u5883\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5728\u5c06\u6765\u5bb9\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
              \u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u8981\u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528 ARG \u4fdd\u5b58\u5bc6\u7801\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a docker history \u8fd8\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6240\u6709\u503c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
              Dockerfile \u4e2d\u7684 ARG \u6307\u4ee4\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u53c2\u6570\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9a\u4e49\u5176\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002\u8be5\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u547d\u4ee4 docker build \u4e2d\u7528 –build-arg <\u53c2\u6570\u540d>=<\u503c> \u6765\u8986\u76d6\u3002<\/p>\n
               <\/h3>\n
              VOLUME \u5b9a\u4e49\u533f\u540d\u5377<\/h3>\n
              \u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n
                \n
              • VOLUME [“<\u8def\u5f841>”, “<\u8def\u5f842>”…]<\/li>\n
              • VOLUME <\u8def\u5f84><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                \u4e4b\u524d\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5e94\u8be5\u5c3d\u91cf\u4fdd\u6301\u5bb9\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7c7b\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u5e94\u8be5\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e8e\u5377(volume)\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7528\u6237\u5fd8\u8bb0\u5c06\u52a8\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u4fdd\u5b58\u76ee\u5f55\u6302\u8f7d\u4e3a\u5377\uff0c\u5728 Dockerfile \u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e8b\u5148\u6307\u5b9a\u67d0\u4e9b\u76ee\u5f55\u6302\u8f7d\u4e3a\u533f\u540d\u5377\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u6302\u8f7d\uff0c\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5411\u5bb9\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u5199\u5165\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                VOLUME \/data<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 \/data \u76ee\u5f55\u5c31\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u6302\u8f7d\u4e3a\u533f\u540d\u5377\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u5411 \/data \u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u8fdb\u5bb9\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u5bb9\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u7684\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u5316\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8986\u76d6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6302\u8f7d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                docker run -d -v mydata:\/data xxxx<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                \u5728\u8fd9\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 mydata \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u540d\u5377\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u4e86 \/data \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e86 Dockerfile \u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u533f\u540d\u5377\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
                 <\/h3>\n
                EXPOSE \u58f0\u660e\u7aef\u53e3<\/h3>\n
                \u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n
                  \n
                • EXPOSE <\u7aef\u53e31> [<\u7aef\u53e32>…]\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                  EXPOSE \u6307\u4ee4\u662f\u58f0\u660e\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5bb9\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u58f0\u660e\u5e94\u7528\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f00\u542f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5728 Dockerfile \u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5e2e\u52a9\u955c\u50cf\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u914d\u7f6e\u6620\u5c04\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u5904\u5219\u662f\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u968f\u673a\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f docker run -P \u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u968f\u673a\u6620\u5c04 EXPOSE \u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n
                  \u8981\u5c06 EXPOSE \u548c\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528 -p <\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7aef\u53e3>:<\u5bb9\u5668\u7aef\u53e3> \u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\u3002-p\uff0c\u662f\u6620\u5c04\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u5bb9\u5668\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u7aef\u53e3\u670d\u52a1\u516c\u5f00\u7ed9\u5916\u754c\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u800c EXPOSE \u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u58f0\u660e\u5bb9\u5668\u6253\u7b97\u4f7f\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u7aef\u53e3\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5728\u5bbf\u4e3b\u8fdb\u884c\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04\u3002<\/p>\n
                   <\/h3>\n
                  WORKDIR \u6307\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n
                  \u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n
                    \n
                  • WORKDIR <\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                    \u4f7f\u7528 WORKDIR \u6307\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u6216\u8005\u79f0\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u540e\u5404\u5c42\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u5c31\u88ab\u6539\u4e3a\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5982\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0cWORKDIR \u4f1a\u5e2e\u4f60\u5efa\u7acb\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n
                    \u4e00\u4e9b\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                    RUN cd \/app<\/span>\nRUN echo \"hello\" > world.txt<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                    \u5982\u679c\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a Dockerfile \u8fdb\u884c\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\u8fd0\u884c\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u627e\u4e0d\u5230 \/app\/world.txt \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u662f hello\u3002<\/p>\n
                    \u539f\u56e0\u5176\u5b9e\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5728 Shell \u4e2d\uff0c\u8fde\u7eed\u4e24\u884c\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b\u800c\u5728 Dockerfile \u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u884c RUN \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6267\u884c\u73af\u5883\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9 Dockerfile \u6784\u5efa\u5206\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u6240\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u6240\u4ee5RUN\u547d\u4ee4\u5c3d\u91cf\u5199\u6210\u4e00\u884c\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
                     <\/h3>\n
                    USER \u6307\u5b9a\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237<\/h3>\n
                    \u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n
                      \n
                    • USER <\u7528\u6237\u540d>[:<\u7528\u6237\u7ec4>]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                      USER \u6307\u4ee4\u548c WORKDIR \u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6539\u53d8\u73af\u5883\u72b6\u6001\u5e76\u5f71\u54cd\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u5c42\u3002WORKDIR \u662f\u6539\u53d8\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\uff0cUSER \u5219\u662f\u6539\u53d8\u4e4b\u540e\u5c42\u7684\u6267\u884c RUN, CMD \u4ee5\u53ca ENTRYPOINT \u8fd9\u7c7b\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n
                      \u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u548c WORKDIR \u4e00\u6837\uff0cUSER \u53ea\u662f\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5207\u6362\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e8b\u5148\u5efa\u7acb\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u5207\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                      RUN groupadd -r redis && useradd -r -g redis redis<\/span>\nUSER redis<\/span>\nRUN [ \"redis-server\" ]<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                      \u5982\u679c\u4ee5 root \u6267\u884c\u7684\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u5728\u6267\u884c\u671f\u95f4\u5e0c\u671b\u6539\u53d8\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5e0c\u671b\u4ee5\u67d0\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u597d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u67d0\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 su \u6216\u8005 sudo\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ebb\u70e6\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728 TTY \u7f3a\u5931\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7ecf\u5e38\u51fa\u9519\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528 gosu\u3002<\/p>\n
                       <\/h3>\n
                      ONBUILD \u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eba\u505a\u5ac1\u8863\u88f3<\/h3>\n
                      \u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n
                        \n
                      • ONBUILD <\u5176\u5b83\u6307\u4ee4>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                        ONBUILD \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b83\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u7684\u662f\u5176\u5b83\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 RUN, COPY \u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u4ee5\u5f53\u524d\u955c\u50cf\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u53bb\u6784\u5efa\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ea7\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
                         <\/h1>\n
                        \u591a\u9636\u6bb5\u6784\u5efa<\/h1>\n
                        \u5982\u679c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7f16\u5305\u542b\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a Dockerfile \u4e2d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9879\u76ee\u53ca\u5176\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u6253\u5305\u7b49\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n
                        \u955c\u50cf\u5c42\u6b21\u591a\uff0c\u955c\u50cf\u4f53\u79ef\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u90e8\u7f72\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u957f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u5b58\u5728\u6cc4\u9732\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n
                        \u800c\u5982\u679c\u7528\u591a\u4e2aDockerfile\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u90e8\u7f72\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8f83\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u3002<\/p>\n
                        \u56e0\u6b64\u591a\u9636\u6bb5\u6784\u5efa\uff08multistage builds\uff09\u5e94\u8fd0\u800c\u751f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        FROM golang:1.9-alpine as builder<\/span>\nRUN apk --no-cache add git<\/span>\nWORKDIR \/go\/src\/github.com\/go\/helloworld\/<\/span>\nRUN go get -d -v github.com\/go-sql-driver\/mysql<\/span>\nCOPY app.go .<\/span>\nRUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -a -installsuffix cgo -o app .<\/span>\n<\/span>\nFROM alpine:latest as prod<\/span>\nRUN apk --no-cache add ca-certificates<\/span>\nWORKDIR \/root\/<\/span>\nCOPY --from=0 \/go\/src\/github.com\/go\/helloworld\/app .<\/span>\nCMD [\".\/app\"]<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                        \u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\u5148\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u4e2d\u642d\u5efa\u7f16\u8bd1\u73af\u5883\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u8fd0\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u590d\u5236\u8fd0\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u955c\u50cf\u57fa\u4e8e\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2aFROM\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u4f53\u79ef\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u907f\u514d\u6e90\u7801\u6cc4\u9732\u3002<\/p>\n
                        \u8fd9\u4e2a Dockerfile \u7684\u7384\u5999\u4e4b\u5904\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e COPY \u6307\u4ee4\u7684–from=0 \u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u524d\u8fb9\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u4e2d\u62f7\u8d1d\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u9636\u6bb5\u4e2d\uff0c\u591a\u4e2aFROM\u8bed\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c0\u4ee3\u8868\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u9636\u6bb5\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684FROM ** as ** \u610f\u601d\u662f\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u547d\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n
                        \u66f4\u4e3a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u662f\uff0cCOPY –from \u4e0d\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u524d\u7f6e\u9636\u6bb5\u4e2d\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u4e2d\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        FROM ubuntu:16.04<\/span>\nCOPY --from=quay.io\/coreos\/etcd:v3.3.9 \/usr\/local\/bin\/etcd \/usr\/local\/bin\/<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                         <\/h5>\n
                        \u53ea\u6784\u5efa\u67d0\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u955c\u50cf<\/h5>\n
                        \u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u60f3\u6784\u5efa builder \u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u65f6\uff0c\u589e\u52a0 –target=builder \u53c2\u6570\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
                         <\/h3>\n
                        \u5176\u4ed6\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h3>\n
                        1.yum\u6216\u8005apt-get\u7684update\u4e0eupgrade\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5347\u7ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c3d\u91cf\u4e0d\u8981\u5728Dockerfile\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5b9e\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5347\u7ea7\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u9002\u5408\u7cfb\u7edf\u7248\u672c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n
                        2.\u7f16\u5199.dockerignore \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
                        3.\u5bb9\u5668\u53ea\u8fd0\u884c\u5355\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4e14\u4e3a\u524d\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
                        4.\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u4e0d\u8981\u7528 latest\uff0c\u5f53\u955c\u50cf\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u6807\u7b7e\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528latest \u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8bb0\u5f97\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6807\u7b7e\u3002<\/p>\n
                        5.\u6bcf\u4e2a RUN \u6307\u4ee4\u540e\u5220\u9664\u591a\u4f59\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
                        6.\u8bbe\u7f6e WORKDIR \u548c CMD<\/p>\n
                        7.\u5728 entrypoint \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 exec<\/p>\n
                        8.\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf(alpine \u7248\u672c\u6700\u597d)\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u901a\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n
                        9.\u5408\u7406\u8c03\u6574\u547d\u4ee4\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u653e\u5728\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u6784\u5efa\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n
                        10. \u7ed9\u955c\u50cf\u6253\u4e0a\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u6613\u8bfb\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u6807\u7b7e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e86\u89e3\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
                        11.\u4e3a\u4e86\u901a\u7528\u6027\u548c\u591a\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u5728Dockerfile\u4e2d\u505a\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04<\/p>\n
                        12.\u4e0d\u8981\u5728 Dockerfile \u4e2d\u5355\u72ec\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a docker \u955c\u50cf\u662f\u5206\u5c42\u7684\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4fee\u6539\u90fd\u4f1a\u65b0\u589e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c42\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u76ee\u5f55\u6743\u9650\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5355\u72ec\u4fee\u6539\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4f1a\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u4e00\u4efd\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5bfc\u81f4\u955c\u50cf\u5f88\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n
                         <\/h1>\n
                        Commit<\/h1>\n
                        docker commit \u547d\u4ee4\u53ea\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u88ab\u5165\u4fb5\u540e\u4fdd\u5b58\u73b0\u573a\u7b49\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 docker commit \u5b9a\u5236\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u5b9a\u5236\u955c\u50cf\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528 Dockerfile \u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n
                        docker commit \u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n
                        \n
                          \n
                        • docker commit [<\/span>\u9009\u9879]<\/span> <<\/span>\u5bb9\u5668ID\u6216\u5bb9\u5668\u540d><\/span> [<\/span><<\/span>\u4ed3\u5e93\u540d><\/span>[<\/span>:<<\/span>\u6807\u7b7e><\/span>]<\/span>]<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n
                          \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5bb9\u5668\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a\u955c\u50cf\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                          docker commit \\<\/span>\n    --author \"yumefx <yumefx@163.com>\" \\<\/span>\n    --message \"\u4fee\u6539\" \\<\/span>\n    webserver \\<\/span>\n    nginx:v2<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                          \u5176\u4e2d –author \u662f\u6307\u5b9a\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u800c –message \u5219\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u672c\u6b21\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fd9\u70b9\u548c git \u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\u7559\u7a7a\u3002<\/p>\n
                          \u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 docker history \u5177\u4f53\u67e5\u770b\u955c\u50cf\u5185\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e4b\u524d\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u65b0\u589e\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u521a\u521a\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n
                          \u4f7f\u7528 docker commit \u547d\u4ee4\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u7406\u89e3\u955c\u50cf\u5206\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fd9\u6837\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
                          \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e4b\u524d\u7684 docker diff webserver \u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u7531\u4e8e\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u6539\u52a8\u6216\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u8fd8\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u90a3\u4f1a\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u65e0\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\u88ab\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6765\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\u6e05\u7406\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u955c\u50cf\u6781\u4e3a\u81c3\u80bf\u3002<\/p>\n
                          \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 docker commit \u610f\u5473\u7740\u6240\u6709\u5bf9\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u662f\u9ed1\u7bb1\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a \u9ed1\u7bb1\u955c\u50cf<\/strong>\uff0c\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u9664\u4e86\u5236\u4f5c\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u4ec0\u4e48\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u751f\u6210\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u522b\u4eba\u6839\u672c\u65e0\u4ece\u5f97\u77e5\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5236\u4f5c\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u8fc7\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bb0\u6e05\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9ed1\u7bb1\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
                          \u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u56de\u987e\u4e4b\u524d\u63d0\u53ca\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5206\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u9664\u5f53\u524d\u5c42\u5916\uff0c\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u8bb0\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u52a8\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528 docker commit \u5236\u4f5c\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u540e\u671f\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u4fee\u6539\u90fd\u4f1a\u8ba9\u955c\u50cf\u66f4\u52a0\u81c3\u80bf\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u6240\u5220\u9664\u7684\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u5982\u5f71\u968f\u5f62\u7684\u8ddf\u7740\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6839\u672c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u8ba9\u955c\u50cf\u66f4\u52a0\u81c3\u80bf\u3002<\/p>\n
                           <\/h1>\n
                          import<\/h1>\n
                          \u4ece rootfs \u538b\u7f29\u5305\u5bfc\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n
                          \u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n
                            \n
                          • docker import [\u9009\u9879] <\u6587\u4ef6>|<URL>|- [<\u4ed3\u5e93\u540d>[:<\u6807\u7b7e>]]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                            \u538b\u7f29\u5305\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b Web \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u3002\u538b\u7f29\u5305\u5c06\u4f1a\u5728\u955c\u50cf \/ \u76ee\u5f55\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u5e76\u76f4\u63a5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u955c\u50cf\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002<\/p>\n
                            \u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a OpenVZ \u7684 Ubuntu 16.04 \u6a21\u677f\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            docker import \\<\/span>\n    http:\/\/download.openvz.org\/template\/precreated\/ubuntu-16.04-x86_64.tar.gz \\<\/span>\n    openvz\/ubuntu:16.04<\/span>\n<\/span>\n\/\/Downloading from http:\/\/download.openvz.org\/template\/precreated\/ubuntu-16.04-x86_64.tar.gz<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                            \u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u81ea\u52a8\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e86 ubuntu-16.04-x86_64.tar.gz \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c55\u5f00\u5bfc\u5165\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a\u955c\u50cf openvz\/ubuntu:16.04\u3002<\/p>\n
                             <\/h1>\n
                            docker save \u548c docker load<\/h1>\n
                            Docker \u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 docker save \u548c docker load \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u5c06\u955c\u50cf\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f20\u8f93\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u8f7d\u8fdb\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5728\u6ca1\u6709 Docker Registry \u65f6\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\uff0c\u955c\u50cf\u8fc1\u79fb\u5e94\u8be5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 Docker Registry\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 Docker Hub \u8fd8\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f51\u79c1\u6709 Registry \u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002<\/p>\n
                             <\/h3>\n
                            \u4fdd\u5b58\u955c\u50cf<\/h3>\n
                            \u4f7f\u7528 docker save \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u955c\u50cf\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a\u5f52\u6863\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
                            \u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u4fdd\u5b58\u8fd9\u4e2a alpine \u955c\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            docker image ls alpine<\/span>\n\/\/REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE<\/span>\n\/\/alpine              latest              baa5d63471ea        5 weeks ago   <\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                            \u4fdd\u5b58\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            docker save alpine -o filename<\/span>\nfile filename<\/span>\n\/\/filename: POSIX tar archive<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                            \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 filename \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4efb\u610f\u540d\u79f0\u751a\u81f3\u4efb\u610f\u540e\u7f00\u540d\uff0c\u4f46\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u90fd\u662f\u5f52\u6863\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
                            \u82e5\u4f7f\u7528 gzip \u538b\u7f29\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            docker save alpine | gzip > alpine-latest.tar.gz<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                            \u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u5c06 alpine-latest.tar.gz \u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u5230\u4e86\u5230\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u52a0\u8f7d\u955c\u50cf\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            docker load -i alpine-latest.tar.gz<\/span>\n\/\/Loaded image: alpine:latest<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                            \u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7ed3\u5408\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u53ca ssh \u751a\u81f3 pv \u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5229\u7528 Linux \u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5b8c\u6210\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u5668\u5c06\u955c\u50cf\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5e26\u8fdb\u5ea6\u6761\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            docker save <\u955c\u50cf\u540d> | bzip2 | pv | ssh <\u7528\u6237\u540d>@<\u4e3b\u673a\u540d> 'cat | docker load'<\/span>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n\n
                            \n\n\n\n
                            \u671d\u83cc\u4e0d\u77e5\u6666\u6714\uff0c<\/p>\n
                            \u87ea\u86c4\u4e0d\u77e5\u6625\u79cb\u3002<\/p>\n
                            \u2014\u2014\u300a\u5e84\u5b50\u00b7\u900d\u9065\u6e38\u300b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                            \u955c\u50cf\u662f\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u6267\u884c docker run \u7684\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u4f1a\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u4e4b\u524d\u4f7f\u7528 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1509,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[11,4],"tags":[50,41,22,15],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yumefx.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1534"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yumefx.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yumefx.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yumefx.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yumefx.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1534"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.yumefx.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1534\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yumefx.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1509"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yumefx.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1534"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yumefx.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1534"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yumefx.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1534"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}